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Below are the objectives for Grade 12.  Click on the link  for students or  for teachers for any objective to see the resources available or to add your own resource.

Home – Science - Grade AP Biology

 

Standard 1

Resources

Benchmark

Indicator

 

A.  Explain how the principles of genetics determine inheritance.

1.   The principles of extracellular inheritance.

2.   Demonstrate human pedigree analysis.

3.   The concept and importance of linked genes.

 

B.   Compare and contrast the structure and functions of different animal systems.

4.   Trace the basic principles of ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination in animals.

5.   Investigate the different transport systems in animals.

6.   The nonspecific mechanisms in the body’s defense against invasion.

7.   The general principles of how the immune system works.

8.   The principles of osmoregulation and excretion in     animals.

9.   The principles of thermoregulation in animals.

10. The principles of sexual and asexual reproduction in plants and animals.

11. Differentiate between the different sexual reproductive systems in animals.

12. Trace the processes of spermatogenesis and oogenesis.

13. List the different methods of contraception.

14. Explain the difference between cell division, differentiation, and morphogenesis.

15. Compare and contrast the senses of hearing and balance in the ear.

16. Record the details of muscular structure and function.

17. Explain the function of the major areas of the human brain.

18. The structure and function of the human eye.

 

C.  Explain the characteristics of viruses.

19. Compare the structure of viroids and prions.

20. Trace the evolution of viruses.

 

D.  Compare and contrast complex behavior patterns and their effects.

21. Contrast the ultimate and proximal causes of behavior.

22. Summarize the factors involved in fixed action patterns, learning, different types of conditioning, rhythmic behaviors, animal movements, and migration.

23. The concept of optimal foraging.

24. The benefits of the various types of competitive social behaviors.

25. Summarize the major aspects of mating behavior.

26. Summarize the various types of altruistic behavior.

 

E.   Compare changes in an organism’s ecosystem that affect its survival.

27. List the characteristics of the major biomes of the earth.

28. Summarize the effects of density and spacing of individuals in a population growth.

29. Analyze survivorship curves.

30. Compare and contrast the exponential and logistic models of population growth.

31. Summarize the individualistic and interactive hypotheses of community structure.

32. Compare and contrast the various interspecific interactions.

33. Describe the different types of succession.

34. Summarize the principles of island biogeography.

35. The steps within the trophic structure of a community.

36. Follow the trophic structure through food webs.

37. The concept of primary productivity.

38. Construct pyramids of net productivity, standing crop biomass, and numbers.

39. Observe and become familiar with the major ecological cycles.

40. The concept of biological magnification.

41. Relate earth’s habitability to water’s moderating effect.

 

F.   Explain the transfer of energy through the interactions of organisms and the environment.

42. Analyze the differences between the phases of photosynthesis.

43. Recognize the different forms of carbon fixation used in arid climates.

44. Relate carbon structure and functional groups to organic chemistry.

45. Differentiate between the structure and function of the different organic polymers.

46. Relate the laws of thermodynamics to energy transformations in cells.

47. Relate ATP to energy coupling.

48. Analyze how enzymes control chemical reactions.

 

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